MAGNESIUM: 320mg - the Nerve Mineral as it converts Blood Sugar into Energy, aids Calcium and Vitamin C Metabolism as well as other Electrolytes, Phosphorus, Potassium & Sodium present in fluid in which the Muscles are bathed, creating effective Nerve & Muscle function. Magnesium relaxes and smoothes Muscles and dilates the Arteries, while Calcium & Sodium tend to constrict Arteries. Under Stress, Magnesium levels decline rapidly, leaving Calcium & Sodium dominant. The Smooth Muscles may begin to tremble or go into Spasm and indications are that a Magnesium deficiency creates Vasoconstriction of Arteries in the Heart region rather than throughout the Body. Heart Attack victims usually have 10 - 35% Magnesium levels below normal. Magnesium also stabilizes Platelet clumping and a deficiency of Magnesium increases the ability of Platelets to clump and block a Coronary Artery, precipitating a Heart Attack. A Magnesium deficiency also contributes to Arterial Fibrillation - Irregular Heartbeat and to Migraine Headaches. Requires Phosphorus to be really effective. Magnesium is found in Apples, Bone Meal, Bran, Corn Nuts, Dates (high) Dandelion, Figs (high), Garlic, Grapefruit, Honey, Kelp - Seaweed, Lemons, Nuts, Parsley, Seafood, Seaweed, Seeds, Sesame Seeds, Soybeans, Spinach, dark green Vegetables, Wheat Germ & Whole Wheat. *Magnesium Is the biggest problem in modern farming practice as it is more readily Inhibited then Calcium by Artificial Fertilizers, as most areas are deficient in it. 50% - 70% is required for Bone Growth and the rest for Neuro - Muscular transmission, Muscular health, and regulates the Nerve Fibers that control the Central Nervous System and assists to regulate Glandular function. The Enzyme System only works properly when there is an adequate supply of Magnesium present in it. Sodium Fluoride found in Town Water renders Magnesium and Calcium inert and unobtainable in the Gut. Especially deficient when the Muscular Spasm / Cramp or Muscle Soreness from overuse occurs or when Muscles contract involuntarily under Stress. *Artesian Bores are a source of Calcium & Magnesium. N.B: Do not overdo Calcium & Magnesium as this depletes Cobalt, Copper & Manganeze. Deficiency Signs: Aids, Arthritis, Uneven Bone Growth, Poor Circulation, Complexion Conditions, Depression, Twitchy Eyelids, Founder in Horses, Gall Stones, Headache, Heart Disease, Insomnia, Kidney Stones, Mastitis, Menstrual Cramping, Muscle Twitching, Nervousness, Spasms, Nervous Squinting, Stress, Stringhalt in Horses, Tetanies, Poor Teeth, Tics & Warts.

Horses: Magnesium is also removed from the feed chain by any produce that is high in Nitrates such as Capeweed, etc, which will bring on Stringhalt followed by Iron deficiency and death. Remedy: Regular Dolomite or Magnesite in the feed corrects abnormal Growth patterns or changes.

MAGNESIUM OXIDE - May assist towards a more settled Temperament.

EPSOM SALTS / MAGNESIUM SULPHATE: is a common Mineral form MgSO47H20, which is used in medicine as a Laxative. Suitable to use on Burns, and as Lozenges (Toxins in Saliva.) Also used as a Sponge to relax.

MOLYBDENUM: A Trace Mineral. Found in Alfalfa - Lucerne & Garlic. A trace is required for maximum Fertility. Soils with a pH below 5.0 especially deficient as it is required to fully utilize Copper. Deficiency causes Infertility and may also cause Anaemia due to Copper being affected. N.B: Any excess destroys Copper & Cobalt and top - dressing Soils with Molybdenum is no longer recommended. N.B: It is better to raise the Organic Matter in the Soil by increasing the Humus by spreading Animal Manures, creating Compost and Slashing the Paddocks to keep them healthy.

NICKEL: A Trace Mineral found in Alfalfa - Lucerne.

PHOSPHORUS: the Mood Mineral is present in every Cell, and acts as a Nervous System Tonic, aids in Metabolism of Carbohydrates, Fats & Starches, Bone, Hair & Tooth structure, Heart regularity, transfer of Nerve Impulses & Kidney function. Required to balance Calcium and essential for Healthy Growth but must always be kept in balance with Calcium & Magnesium. Essential for the Nervous System, processing Fats and Carbohydrates, for Enzyme stimulation and healthy Skin, Hair & Hooves. *Phosphorus is found in Almonds, Beans, Black Sunflower Seeds, Bran, Eggs, Fish, Garlic, Whole Grains, Lentils, Millet, Mung Beans, Glandular Meats, Oats, Nuts, Poultry, Brown Rice, Seeds, Seaweed, Soybeans & Wheat Germ.  Deficiency Signs: Anxiety, Loss of Appetite, Nervous Eczema, Fatigue, Nervous Conditions, Osteoporosis, Pyorrhea- Disease of Bones around the Teeth.) Rickets, Sensitivity, Inflamed Itchy Skin for no apparent reason, Loss of Strength, Weight Loss. *Organic Matter is essential. Heavily cropped Soils will be subject to Leaching and become low in Phosphorus and other Minerals. *Phosphorus in excess will lead to fragile Bones and Lameness, which is often irreversible. Extreme use of Super Phosphate on Calcium & Manganeze balanced pastures has led to too much Phosphorus and Disease due to a lack of other Minerals. Phosphorus levels in prepared Horse Feeds are now too high but feeding Dolomite will assist to remedy this Imbalance. Properly farmed Soils is the best way to go as they should have no Phosphorus problems. *Use ordinary Rock Phosphate based on a Soil Analysis as it is a slow release fertilizer.

POTASSIUM: is the Brain Mineral and it is destroyed by Alcohol, Caffeine, Sugar, Diuretics and overcooking. Aids in Allergy treatment, aids in sending Oxygen to the Brain, assists in reducing Blood Pressure, assists to dispose of Body wastes and aids in Recuperation. Necessary for the regulation of Muscle function and tone and essential for all Life both Plant and Animal and it is being lost World wide in the Soils due to the use of Chemical Fertilizers, which raise the Sodium level in the Soils. *Organic farming replaces Potassium. Potassium works with Sodium to assist Body Fluid balance eliminating Wastes through the Kidneys but is destroyed by an excess of Salt. *Potassium is found in Apple Cider Vinegar, Bananas, Barley, Black Sunflower Seeds, Citrus Fruits, Dandelion, Dates, Figs, whole Grains, Lettuce, Mint Leaves, Blackstrap Molasses, Peaches, Peanuts, Potatoes, Raisins, Rice Bran, Seafood, Seaweed, Sunflower Seeds, Tomatoes, green leafy Vegetables, Watercress & Wheat Germ. Deficiency Signs: Acne, Constipation (especially in those Aged and housebound) Edema, sudden Hair Loss, Hypo - Glycaemia, Hysteria, Irritability, Insomnia, Nervous Eczema, Nervousness, Noise, Dry Skin, Greasy Skin, Sensitivity & Yawning. Potassium deficiency and Vitamin C deficiency at Conception interferes with normal Genetic inheritance and paddocks should be as healthy as possible. Potassium deficiency also interferes with the capacity to make the most of the Feed on hand and is associated with Navicular Disease -  A constriction of the Blood Vessels. Dystokia / Difficult Foaling is also caused by a lack of Potassium. Treatment: Every Mare should have 1 x Tablespoon of Apple Cider Vinegar, a very good source of Potassium, daily for the last 2 Months of their Pregnancy to ensure that the Foals are born as easily as possible.           N.B: High Sodium levels in many Soils and the Feeds that are grown on them are too high in Salt and many Feed Supplements also have Sodium, which only increases Potassium deficiency and its associated Conditions.

SELENIUM: is an Anti - Carcinogen & Immune Stimulant and an essential Mineral and it works with Vitamin E for Males who require more then Females. As an Anti - Oxidant it protects Cells throughout the Body from damage caused by Free Radicals & Toxins that may diminish the constant Immune response to deal with them. It alleviates Hot Flashes, and slows down Aging as it may reduce the Auto - Immune damage, protects against certain Cancers, prevents Dandruff and strengthens the Immune System. It activates Coenzyme O, which stimulates the Immune System and it also enhances the effects of certain Vaccines such as the one used for Malaria. It also produces healthy Muscles. *Selenium: Is found in Bran, Broccoli, Garlic, Onions, Sesame Seeds, Wheat Germ, Whole Grains, Seaweed is a better natural source then Garlic, Tomatoes & Tuna. N.B: Deficiencies are also increasing in the Soils due to the addition of Acid Chemicals or Artificial Fertilizers that suppress the Selenium. Deficiency Signs: Premature Aging, a reduction in Lymphocytes & Phagocytes that consume foreign Pathogens as they enter the Body, Males have depleted Sperm whose tails drop off, Retarded Growth suddenly with or without Muscle wasting, White Muscle Disease in Lambs and other Animals and may also cause Tying Up in Horses. Immediate Remedy: 3,000 - 4,000 Units of Vitamin E. *Selenium is found naturally in Seaweed where 1 x Unit of Natural Selenium is as effective as 4 x Units of Artificial Selenium and much safer. N.B: Dangerous in excess like most Trace Minerals. Excess Selenium can cause a malformed Foetus or poisoning. Sodium Selenite also unsafe to give as it is Highly Toxic. Treatment: include Dolomite & Seaweed in the feed.

SILICA: is the most important Mineral for all Connective Tissue, Bones, Hair, Hooves, Nails & Skin as it is allows Calcium to strengthen them. Prevents Calcium deposits around the Joints and breaks up Uric acid Crystals around those affected to prevent and treat Arthritis. *Silica is found in Apples, Cucumber, Dandelion, Lettuce, Millet especially French White, Whole Oats, Strawberries & Sunflower Seeds.  Deficiency Signs: Arthritic Nodule formation, poor Muscle Tone, a change in the Hair, Nails & Skin texture. *Calcium, Copper & Silica are important Minerals for the Feet with High Grade Dolomite containing Calcium & Magnesium and a little Silica.

SILICON: A Trace Mineral found in Alfalfa - Lucerne.

SILVER: Found in Alfalfa - Lucerne.

SODIUM: The Fluid Mineral that regulates Body water balance, aids in preventing Heat Prostration or Sunstroke, and assists Nerves & Muscle to function properly. Balances Fluids and works with Potassium to assist Hydration / Body Fluids - good for healthy Kidneys, to balance pH and prevent Arthritis. *Sodium is found in Artichokes, Bacon, dried Beef, Beets, Brains, Carrots, Celery, Coconut, Figs, Kelp - Seaweed, Kidney, Pink Rock Salt as in its natural form it Alkalizers and is not retained, Salt & Shellfish.  Deficiency Signs: impaired Carbohydrate Digestion, Dyspepsia, Heartburn and maybe Neuralgia. Dehydration - Sweating depletes Minerals not Salt. Salt levels have also been increased by Chemical Fertilizers and terrible Irrigation practice. Excess in the food chain depresses Potassium and causes Oedema / Fluid Retention and Cancer.  Sodium Chloride / Common Salt produces an Acid state with the excess retained in the Fluids. Remedy: Add Seaweed, to the food not Salt, as it contains a small amount of natural Sodium as well as Trace Minerals. *Chlorine & Sodium combine to cleanse the Body & Blood.

SULPHUR: Yellow Powder / The Purifying Mineral that assists to prevent Acne & Skin Conditions, promotes healthy Hair, Nails & Skin, assists to combat Bacterial Infection, maintains proper Brain function and Liver Bile secretion. Cleans the Blood, as it is Anti - Septic, and assists Digestion and the Skin. *Sulphur is found in Dried Beans, Beef, Cabbage, Eggs, Fish, Raspberries and Wheat and its by - product Bran but triple Super - Phosphate and Sub Clover in the Wheat growing areas has removed Sulphur from the Food Chain. Garlic is specially good as it gives high protection from external and Internal Parasites and also provides many other Minerals & Amino Acids for Protein Metabolism. Deficiency Signs: Acne, Boils, Jaundice, Liver Conditions, Psoriasis, Skin Disease, yellowish Skin and associated Headache & Sores. Allows Lice and other external Parasites to prosper and also creates a lack of proper Digestion of the feed due to it interfering with the action of the Amino Acids especially Cysteine & Mehionine.

Horses: Also interferes with normal Growth in young Horses. Treatment: 1 x Tablespoon of Sulphur a day for an average sized Horse / 450 kg until the Parasites disappear and also for SKIN ailments. Continue with the same for maintenance if required. N.B: Sulphur should only be added to the feed at no more than 2% of the ration.

VANADIUM: Found in Alfalfa - Lucerne.