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1941 In the Irish Republic, under Eamonn de Valera and the Fianna Fail Government, emergency legislation was introduced against the Anti - Treaty IRA, who were seeking the return of the the 6 Counties Artificially Partitioned from the 9 in the Ulster Province, by the British Government, to be reunited with the whole of Ireland, by violent means. - Sean Mac Bride at this time, was operating as a barrister defending the Anti - Treaty IRA members who were charged with any of the offences.

January: In the Irish Republic, German bombs landed on Dublin in the north - east of Southern Leinster, which the German Government were quick to apologise for, as a mistake on their part, due to Ireland's neutrality.

January 6th: In the Irish Republic, the Fianna Fail Government offered to buy 5 - 6 ships, that had been put on sale by the American Government, to offset the British Government's bringing to an end the sea trade with Ireland, and Frank Aiken on behalf of the Irish Government had now gone to America to obtain arms, ships, supplies, and to publicise Ireland's stand on neutrality. He was getting bad press as a pro - German sympathizer, even by President Roosevelt who fronted him up about it, and he had to inform him that the Irish Government was against any type of aggression, whether it was German, or British who he said had never ever given an undertaking not to invade Ireland. Franklin Roosevelt then spoke in the American Congress giving his own personal guarantee that Britain would not invade Ireland.

February: In the Irish Republic, Eammon de Valera, still fearing a British Government Invasion through the 6 Counties Artificially Partitioned from the 9 in the Ulster Province, which were still under the control of the British Government and the Ascendancy Official Unionist Stormont Government, requested a guarantee personally from the British Government that they would not invade Ireland.

Having no luck or any real purpose now in Ireland the German agent, Hermann Goertz / Mr. Robinson, decided to leave Ireland altogether and return to Germany, by boat from Fenit in Co. Kerry in the south - west of the Munster Province, but on arriving into Co. Kerry he was to find out that the Irish Government authorities had already arrested all of the IRA members sent there to set it up.

February 20th: The German Government extended their blockade around England, with "Enter At Your Own Risk " the order of the day. Ireland since September 1939 had already lost 8 Ships to German aircraft, with 20 Seaman killed outright, and 7 injured, with 4 ships sunk and 5 others lost altogether with 3 of those through mines, and German bombs were now also falling on Eire.

Cardinal Mac Rory, the Catholic Primate of Armagh in the south - east of the Ulster Province, asked Eduard Hempel the German Ambassador to have the bombings stopped there, while Eamonn de Valera still considered the whole of Ireland was still the responsibility of the Irish Government and that the 6 Counties Artificially Partitioned from the 9 in the Ulster Province, were still part of Ireland, and should also not be subject to the German bombing raids.

March: In the Irish Republic, the Irish Shipping Company was set up, to replace the discontinuation of the trade with Ireland previously introduced by Winston Churchill the British Prime Minister.

March: Sir John Maffey the British Representative advised Eammon de Valera the Prime Minister of Erie / Ireland that the British Government could not give a definite answer in regards to the invasion of Ireland by the British Government forces.

In the Irish Republic, Frank Aiken, acting as the Minister for Co - Ordination in National Defence, who had gone to America to secure arms from the Government there, had been unsuccessful, as David Grey, the American representative in Dublin, who was personally connected to President Roosevelt, had no real knowledge of Irish affairs, and was also at loggerheads with Eamonn de Valera the Prime Minister of Ireland, and had advised President Roosevelt that in his considered opinion that the Fianna Fail Government was unpopular.

March 10th: British and Irish Army officers met, to discuss the defence of Ireland in case of a German attack, and during discussions Sir John Maffey the British Government official representative in Ireland, stated that if the British Government were intending to attack Ireland that they would first speak about it and notify Ireland of their intention through the American administration. Eammon de Valera informed David Gray the American Ambassador in Ireland, that if any of this was to occur all Irish men would die first in defence of any invasion from any source.

March 12th: In the Irish Republic, Hans Marschner, another German agent, whose real name was Gunther Schuetz, was parachuted into Ireland to be dropped at Newbridge, just below Dublin in the north - east of Southern Leinster, but actually landed further south near New Ross in Co. Wexford, over 60 mile from his original destination. His mission was to report back to Germany on the weather conditions, observe any British Military convoys and carry out economic espionage, especially in relation to the shipyards in Belfast in Co. Antrim in the Ulster Province. He was to set up his headquarters at 46 Merrion Square in Dublin, previously occupied by another German agent with Irish connections, but was picked up by the Irish Garda police, while walking towards Dublin, and eventually he too finished up in Mountjoy Jail after being first located in other prisons throughout Eire / Ireland.

March 14th:In the Irish Republic, Sir John Maffey the British Ambassador advised Eammon de Valera, that neither Britain nor America would bring pressure to bear on the Irish Government to enter the War, or the both of them combined to do so, and the British Government would not give arms to Ireland to defend herself, unless they were absolutely sure that they would not be used against them in case the British Government had to use force in Ireland to get their own way. Frank Aiken, meanwhile was also not able to secure any arms in America, even though President Roosevelt was told the British Government had still never given any assurance that they would not invade Ireland, and although he was also informed that the Irish would fight to the death to defend themselves, against a German invasion.

April 28th:In the Irish Republic, David Gray the American Ambassador, now wanted an explanation on public comments that Eammon de Valera had made stating Ireland was, "Blockaded on both sides," so he informed him about Winston Churchill stopping the shipping trade with Ireland, so he then offered 2 of the ships that America had for sale to Eammon de Valera, who told him what he could do with his 2 ships after the treatment Frank Aiken had received in America. Despite this the 2 Ships were eventually leased by the Irish Shipping Company who came to own 8 ships altogether, and were to charter 5 others.

May 1st: Because of their shipbuilding capacity, the German Government bombed Belfast in Co. Antrim in the north - east of the Ulster Province pretty bad, but despite this terrible consequence, the War had already brought economic prosperity to the 6 Counties Artificially Partitioned from the 9 in the Ulster Province that were still under the control of the British Government, with unemployment down to 5 %, but the Industries there were now all German targets.

May 20th: Winston Churchill the British Prime Minister, decided to bring in Conscription for the 6 Counties Artificially Partitioned from the 9 in the Ulster Province in Ireland, that were still under his control, and Eammon de Valera told John Whelan - Dulanty the Irish High Commissioner to protest and tell him that to carry out his threat would be to further play into the hands of the IRA.

May 21st: Winston Churchill the British Prime Minister announced his intention to officially extend Conscription to the 6 Counties in Ireland, Artificially Partitioned from the 9 in the Ulster Province.

May 22nd: John Whelan - Dulanty the Irish High Commissioner, spoke to Winston Churchill the British Prime Minster about the folly of him trying to bring in Conscription in the 6 Counties Artificially Partitioned from the 9 in the Ulster Province and his only reaction to the advice was very hostile.

Cardinal Mac Rory, the Catholic Primate of Armagh in the south - east of the Ulster Province, denounced the British Government's intention to introduce Conscription into the 6 Counties Artificially Partitioned from the 9 in the Ulster Province, and said it would arouse the Irish population there to resistance, and David Gray deplored the threat and informed Washington. David Gray was also upset with Eammon de Valera, as he would not accept an escape clause for the 6 Counties, in Ulster, and John Dulanty informed Winston Churchill again of the futility of his decision, who only ranted and raved again.

May 26th: In the Irish Republic, in the Dail Eireann Parliament in Dublin, all of the 3 Party leaders spoke out against the Conscription for any part of Ireland, including the 6 Counties Artificially Partitioned from the 9 in the Ulster Province, and still under the control of the British Government, while the Liberal and Socialist press in Great Britain also opposed it, and it was defeated. Also John Winart, the American Ambassador in London, informed Winston Churchill that President Roosevelt had advised him, that British Government Conscription in the 6 Counties they still controlled in Ulster, was not on.

In the Irish Republic, Captain Hermann Goertz / Mr. Robinson, the German agent, now tried to get Stephen Hayes the Chief of Staff of the IRA, who he now had a low opinion off as to leadership qualities, to reconcile with Eamonn de Valera.

May 27th: Winston Churchill was forced to call off the British Government Conscription of the 6 Counties Artificially Partitioned from the 9 in the Ulster Province, which were still under their control.

May 30th: In the Irish Republic, German bombs landed on Dublin again, and lives were lost, and many were wounded, and Eduard Hemple the German Ambassador admitted it was an error on their part, and they would make reparation.

June 21st: The German Government departments responsible for spying activities, once again agreed among themselves not to send any further German agents into Ireland, and thereby increasing the possibility of infringing Ireland's neutrality, and creating a cause for England to invade.They set up a Special Camp in Germany for Irish prisoners, who had been captured from the allied lines, who were actually anti - British, and 100 of these were put there, with only 10 of these selected by Helmut Clissman, (who was married to Elizabeth Mulcahy,) and by Frank Ryan, but they all soon escaped and went to Berlin, and were never involved.

June 22nd: The German Government decided to turn their Military efforts towards Russia, instead of England.

June 30th: Sean Mac Caughey, the Adjutant General of the IRA, along with other members of the IRA, took Stephen Hayes their Chief of Staff prisoner, suspecting him of collaboration with Eamonn de Valera's Fianna Fail Government, in the Irish Republic, and they severely treated him while trying to obtain a confession from him, but he persisted in denying any knowledge of their accusations. Finally Sean Mac Caughey gave him 15 minutes to own up to all their charges or be shot there and then, but if he confessed he was told he would be held in confinement in the 6 Counties Artificially Partitioned from the 9 in the Ulster Provision, or deported to England. In desperation he confessed to all their accusations, and was relocated to Dundalk in Meath, then Clontarf in Dublin, and was eventually taken down to Co. Wicklow in the south - east of Southern Leinster, were they threatened to shoot him again after he refused to sign the Confession he had previously produced under duress.

+On to 1941 - 2

Situated on the western bank of the Hunter River, midway between Muswellbrook and Denman the doorway to the Heart of Australia's "Horse Capital" in the Hunter Valley in New South Wales., Australia.

John & Sue Markham

RAINBOW FARMS 603 Roxburgh Road., Muswellbrook., 2333.

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