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1928 The Anti - Treaty IRA, who were against the Anglo - Irish Treaty, that had allowed for the Artificial Partition of the 6 Counties from the 9 in the Ulster Province and therefore the Partition of Ireland itself to continue on with the Ascendancy in Ireland, were still active in Ireland at this time.

February: In the Irish Free State, (26 Counties) Eamonn de Valera, who was now the leader of the new political Fianna Fail Party in the Opposition, returned to Ireland from America, after his fund raising exercise there, to begin a Republican newspaper.

May 3rd: In the Irish Free State, Eamonn de Valera the Fianna Fail Party's Opposition leader, produced his original Petition, which was by now signed by 96,000 voters, to hold a Referendum to do away with the Oath of Allegiance to the British King, but William T. Cosgrave the leader of the Irish Government, objected to it and moved an Amendment against it, and advised Eamonn de Valera to wait another 2 years until 1930, when the 8 year waiting period was to expire under the Constitution that had been previously made under the Anglo - Irish Treaty itself. Eamonn de Valera, now also began political action against the payment of the Irish Land Annuities, which were still being paid to the British Imperial Government, to see if they were actually legal, as those in the 6 Counties, that had been Artificially Partitioned from the 9 in the Ulster Province were being retained by the Ascendancy Official Unionist Government there. - The British Westminster Parliament, this year lowered the women's voting age to 21, and the new leader of the minority Opposition among the Irish Nationals in the 6 Counties, Artificially Partitioned from Ulster, to settle things down there also stated publicly that, "There was no conspiracy to try and force the people in the 6 Counties, in Ulster, to join with the Irish Free State Parliament in Dublin." - A bronze statue of Padraic O Conaire (1882 - 1928) the Shanachy, who had been born in Galway City in Co. Galway in Southern Connacht, and reared at Rosmuck west of Kilkieran Bay, was to be erected in Galway City. - Standish O Grady (1846 - 1928) the historian, who had been involved in the revival of Irish Literature, died this year.

1929 This was the year of World Depression, with shipbuilding especially in Co. Antrim in the north - east of the Ulster Province in real trouble, bringing about Unemployment and further Sectarian Rioting there among the non - Catholics and the Irish Catholics there in the Belfast area, and further British Imperial Military Forces were sent into the 6 Counties, in Ulster, which were still under their control.

In the Irish Free State, Sean Mac Bride, the son of John Mac Bride and Maude Gonne, and the future founder of Amnesty International, became a member of Comhairle na Poblachta until 1934.

February: Eamonn de Valera, the leader of the opposition Fianna Fail Party, went to Belfast in the north - east of the Ulster Province, which was one of the 6 Artificially Partitioned Counties there, to the Aonach na nGaedhal / Assembly of the Irish, under the wing of the Gaelic League and the Gaelic Athletic Association, but he was once again arrested at Goraghwood, by the Ascendancy Official Unionist Royal Ulster Constabulary Police / R.U.C. He was charged with the order taken out against him 5 years before, and again given one month's imprisonment there, although he was still the legally elected M.P. for Co. Fermanagh and Co. Tyrone, which were another 2 of the 6 Counties Artificially Partitioned from Ireland.

April 27th: In the Irish Free State. Austin Stack, died, who had always been for an Irish Republic, and against the Anglo - Irish Treaty.

September 5th: In the Irish Free State. the newspaper set up by Eamonn de Valera, the leader of the opposition Fianna Fail Party, to be known as the Irish Press that was to be used to promote the re - unification of Ireland, and the complete establishment of the Irish Republic, began with Frank Gallagher as it's editor.

October 24th: In the Irish Free State, the Ard na Crusha Power Station was completed under the leadership of William T. Cosgrave the leader of the Cuman na nGaedhal Party Coalition Government.

November: Eamonn de Valera, the leader of the opposition Fianna Fail Party went off to America again, for 6 months, where he set up a network of committees there to eventually establish the whole of the Irish Republic in Ireland.

In the 6 Counties, Artificially Partitioned from the 9 in the Ulster Province, that were still under the control of the British Government, and the Ascendancy Official Unionist Government who now changed the Parliamentary representation again, to do away with Proportional Representation also in their House of Commons, to perpetuate the Ascendancy there, although they already had a 2 / 3 majority in the population there, and this also wiped out the Independents, and the Westminster Parliament in England refused to carry out an official inquiry.

Michael Enright / Micheal Mheic Ionnrachtaigh, was now the leader of the Clann Na Gael / The Organization in America, and Cornelius Noonan / Conchobar Ua hIonmhaineain from Co. Cork in Southern Munster was their Secretary. - In England, Ramsay Mac Donald was re - elected the British Labour Prime Minister until 1931.

In the Irish Free State. Sean Russell, who was now the leader of the Anti - Treaty IRA, (which had recently increased its activities,) was to meet up with Joseph Mac Garritty the previous leader of the Clann na Gael / The Organization in America. - The Irish Censorship of Publications Board was also set up this month.

1930 In the Irish Free State, the non - Catholic population had decreased by a further 3 %, to 7.4 %. - John Whelan - Dulanty / Delahunty / Sean Ua Dulchaointigh, was the Irish High Commissioner in England, and he would retain the position until 1939.

In the 6 Counties Artificially Partitioned from the 9 in the Ulster Province, and still under the control of the British Government and the Ascendancy Official Unionists, gerrymandering of the votes was continue to be allowed, with the Ward Boundaries containing the Irish Catholics there, being blatantly and shamelessly rigged, as shown by the fact that the majority 9,961 Irish Nationalist voters were only capable of returning 8 Councillors, while the minority Unionists with 7,444 votes amounting to 2,517 less votes were to return 12.

1931 In the Irish Free State, the Anti - Treaty IRA, now under the leadership of Sean Russell, began to increase their activities, and they carried out a further 3 killings, and were now also strong supporters of the opposition Fianna Fail Party under the leadership of Eamonn de Valera. - The Republican Congress, which was now led by Gilmore, Ryan and O Donnell, broke with the Anti - Treaty IRA under Sean Russell, and they founded the James Connolly Club for unemployed Irish Catholics and non - Catholic workers in Ireland. - Father John Hayes, founded the Muintir na Tiri, which was a Rural Work programme to improve the living standards of all Irish farmers.

May: In the Irish Free State, Sean Mac Bride and the Anti - Treaty IRA under the leadership of Sean Russell, organized the 1st Saor Eire / Republican Workers Party Convention, for workers and farmers, and Maurice Twomey, who would become the Anti - Treaty IRA Chief of Staff after Dr. Andrew Cooney, now became well aware and was wary of the growing Communist influence gaining hold within their organization.

October 14th: In the Irish Free State, William T. Cosgrave the Taoiseach / leader of the Cuman na nGaedhal Party Coalition Government, introduced the Bill / Article 2a Amendment to the Irish Constitution to set up a Military Tribunal under 5 Military officers to try the Anti - Treaty IRA dissidents, and to also try and counter political crime, with the Death Penalty, with No Appeal, and increase the Irish Garda police powers and declare any Unlawful Associations. (All mainly to counteract the activities of the Anti - Treaty I.R.A.)

October 20th: In the Irish Free State, the Saor Erie / Workers Party, the Anti Treaty IRA, the Fianna Eireann, and Cumann na m Ban, were now all declared Unlawful associations, by the Dail Eireann / Irish Assembly under the Cuman na nGaedhal Coalition Government, which was still under the leadership of William T. Cosgrave.

In England, the British Westminster Parliament passed the Statute of Westminster, giving Legislative autonomy to all of the previous British Imperial Government Dominions, which now meant that the Irish Free State could finally instigate it's own Irish laws for Ireland.

In the 6 Counties, Artificially Partitioned from the 9 in the Ulster Province, and still under the control of the British Imperial Government and the Ascendancy Official Unionist Government, a Non - Catholic League was founded there, and it directed all of it's members, "Not to employ or have anything to do with the Irish Catholics," there, the same as the Rev. Ian Paisley, a hardline religious fanatic, would try to bring in there 38 years later on, in 1969.

+On to 1932

Situated on the western bank of the Hunter River, midway between Muswellbrook and Denman the doorway to the Heart of Australia's "Horse Capital" in the Hunter Valley in New South Wales., Australia.

John & Sue Markham

RAINBOW FARMS 603 Roxburgh Road., Muswellbrook., 2333.

02 65 479 100 - Fax: 02 65 479 102 E - Mail: www.rainbowfarms@bigpond.com