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                                                                      1922 / 2 - February to March

February: Irish Catholic Teachers from Omagh in Co. Tyrone in Central Southern Ulster, one of the 6 Counties Artificially Partitioned from the 9 Counties in the Ulster Province, by the British Imperial Government, met together and condemned the control of education by the Official Unionist Conservative Ascendancy Government there at Stormont and demanded that the control of education there be under the Irish Provisional Government to administer and finance the Catholic Schools there. An inquiry conducted by the Lyn Committee found that 22,000 children in the 6 Partitioned Counties in Ulster now under the control of the Stormont Ascendancy Government were unable to attend school because there were no places allowed for them. 

February: Michael Collins the Chairman of the Irish Provisional Government expressed his apologies to John Devoy the leader of the Clann na Gael in America for the previous misunderstanding with the 1st Dail Eireann / 1st Irish Assembly in Ireland over the remarks and actions of Eamonn de Valera while he was previously in America.

February: The Anti - Treaty IRA Irregulars attacked a train at Clones in Co. Monaghan in the south of the Ulster Province and there were 18 "B" Special Police on the train and several were killed and the rest were taken prisoner. 

February 2nd: James Craig the Official Unionist leader in the British Imperial Government's, 6 Counties Artificially Partitioned from the 9 in the Ulster Province had a meeting with Michael Collins, the Chairman of the Irish Provisional Government, in London under the auspices of Winston Churchill, where James Craig assured Michael Collins that he would protect the Catholic Irish there. Michael Collins agreed to withdraw the boycott from Belfast in Co. Antrim in the north - east of Ulster and secure the release of any persons kidnapped by the Anti - Treaty IRA Irregulars.         

February 6th: Michael Collins the Chairman of the Irish Provisional Government was still in London for discussions with David Lloyd - George  the British Prime Minister over setting up the Irish Free State. February 7th: The Ard Fheis or Sinn Fein Party Convention that was previously set down had to be postponed again until February 21st.

February 12th: Eamonn de Valera began to speak out vehemently at an Anti - Treaty Rally in O Connell Street in Dublin, in sight of the General Post Office where the 1916 Easter Rising had originally begun to bring about an Irish Republic. His vitriolic comments were endorsed by the mother of Patrick Pearse who had led the 1916 Easter Rising and was executed for it by the British Imperial Government.   

February 15th: Michael Collins the Chairman of the Irish Provisional Government had to return to London for more discussions with David Lloyd - George and his British Cabinet, over continuing to set up the Irish Free State. February 18th: Liam Forde an I.R.A. Volunteer Brigadier from Limerick in Co. Limerick in the mid - north - west of the Munster Province repudiated the Irish Volunteer G.H.Q. orders and declared the Chief of Staff a traitor. February 19th: Eamonn de Valera spoke out, once again, against the Treaty at another Anti - Treaty Rally held in the City of Cork in Co. Cork in Southern Munster.

February 21st: Arthur Griffith the President of the Dail Eireann / Irish Assembly appealed to all to accept the Treaty, while Michael Collins called for a show of unity as the British Imperial Government was looking for any reason at all to take over once again in Ireland, as Winston Churchill had already informed him that if an Irish Republic was muted, it would be followed by a state of War with the British Imperial Empire.  - The Sinn Fein Party Convention that was previously planned was once again held over until the next day.

February 22nd: Michael Collins and Eamonn de Valera were to carry out discussions prior to the beginning of the Sinn Fein Party Convention were Michael Collins made a further effort to try and appease Eamonn de Valera, agreeing with him that the Treaty was not to be discussed and that the Sinn Fein Party was to adjourn for 3 months continuing on as it is. They agreed that the 2nd Dail Eireann / Irish Assembly was also to continue on as it was while no Pro - Treaty members were to stand against the Anti - Treaty members, with the General Elections to be held within 3 months. This was to be when the Irish Free State Constitution would be put before the Irish people at the same time as the Anglo - Irish Treaty. (By agreeing to these provisions Michael Collins had allowed things to settle down somewhat.)   

February 26th: Despite the fact that Michael Collins had made an accommodation withhim, Eamonn de Valera still continued to speak out again at another Anti - Treaty rally in Ennis in Co. Clare in the north - west of the Munster Province, hoping to bring down any idea of an Irish Free State and then followed this up with another at Limerick in Co. Limerick in the mid - north - west of the Munster Province along the same lines.

February 28th: The 2nd Dail Eireann / Irish Assembly met and Eammon de Valera and his followers stated that, "They would recognize the Dail Ministers, but not the Irish Provisional Government, and real trouble was already in the air when certain buildings in Limerick in Co. Limerick in the mid - north - west of the Munster Province were taken over by those IRA Irregulars who were Anti - Treaty.

March:  Sir Henry Wilson the previous Chief of the British Imperial Staff who was now the M.P. for Northern Co. Down had been appointed Special Military Adviser to the Official Unionist Ascendancy Government at Stormont in the 6 Artificially Partitioned Counties from the 9 in the Ulster Province and he wanted to re-establish the British Imperial Government law and order also in the 26 Counties in what was to be the Irish Free State, when 3 British Imperial Government Military officers were kidnapped in Co. Cork in Southern Munster who were later killed. He also went on the attack against the British Coalition Government and at Donaghdee in Co. Down in the south - east of Ulster he stated that David Lloyd - George the British Prime Minister was unfit to govern and wanted Army officers to be put in charge of the the R.I.C. police and also attacked the Irish Provisional Government as totally unfit to govern. The Tories / Conservatives in England were at this time actively trying to discard David Lloyd - George the Coalition Prime Minister of Britain and his Government. - Meanwhile many Catholic Irish were being killed in the ethnic and religious Sectarian violence occurring in the 6 Counties previously partitioned in the Ulster Province and at Clones a skirmish occurred between the IRA Irregulars and the Official Unionist Special Police where an IRA commander and 4 Special Police were killed. - Michael Collins the Chairman of the Irish Provisional Government had a further meeting with Sir James Craig the  Official Unionist leader in Stormont and they declared Peace.  

March 13th: Michael Collins as the Chairman of the Irish Provisional Government addressed a huge crowd in Cork City in Co. Cork in Southern Munster in support of the Treaty and shots were fired over their heads, and in Killarney, Michael Collins and Sean Mac Eoin were warned by the leader of the IRA Irregulars that they would not be allowed to hold a meeting there, who he then pushed aside, and continued on regardless, while they also tried to stop him at Castlebar, but he continued his speech there even though shots were also fired there.

March 15th: The 2nd Dail Eireann / Irish Assembly refused to allow an Irish Army Convention in case it led to the IRA Irregulars, who were previously in the I.R.A. and also Anti - Treaty taking over Ireland and turning it into a Dictatorship. Eammon de Valera met with his Anti - Treaty supporters and set up Cumann na Poblachta (The Association of the Republic) - at which he was elected the President, with Cathal Brugha, Mary Mac Swiney and Austin Stack elected the vice - Presidents, but it was to only last as an Association only until 1924, and he was to continue to travel throughout Ireland, week after week, putting forward the Anti - Treaty side of the argument.  March 16th: Eammon de Valera finally went beyond the bounds of common sense, when he made a speech at Dungarvan in which he stated," Only Civil War would get Independence." March 17th: Eammon de Valera made another speech at Thurles in Co. Tipperary in north - east of the Munster Province, which did no one in Ireland any good, when he also stated that, "The Treaty would be accepted over the dead bodies of their own Countrymen who would wade through Irish blood including that of the Irish Provisional Government." This particular violent Anti - Treaty speech was to incite those present and all of those who were eventually informed of it's content, while at Carrick - on - Suir he further stated that the "Irish would fight Irish for Irish Independence."

March 18th: The Anti - Treaty officers in the I.R.B / Irish Volunteers held a meeting at the Mansion House in Dublin and Cathal Brugha and Harry Boland were there, and they decided to elect 16 Executives to control their Anti - Treaty IRA Irregulars in the Irish Republican Army and the split was now official within the I.R.B / Irish Volunteers as they became officially the Irregular ArmyIRA as against the Irish National Army / I.N.A who were to remain loyal to the 2nd Dail Eireann / 2nd Irish Assembly and the Anglo - Irish Treaty. March 19th: Eamonn de Valera spoke out again in Killarney in Co. Kerry in the south - west of the Munster Province stating that, " Irish men would march over the dead bodies of their own brothers and wade through Irish blood if the Treaty was accepted."

March 20th: Richard Mulcahy the Minister of Defence for the Irish Provisional Government put forward a joint Council for association with the I.R.B / Irish Volunteers and the Irish Provisional Government,  for the recruitment of the Irish Provisional Government police the An Garda Siochana / Civic Guards. March 23rd: The Anti - Treaty forces held a meeting in opposition to the ban on the Irish Volunteer Convention, as half of the Irish Volunteers / I.R.B. were Irish Republicans and they decided to hold their own meeting of the I.R.A. / Irish Republican Army.

     In the 6 Counties Artificially Partitioned from the 9 in the Ulster Province and still under the control of the British Government and the Ascendancy Official Unionists in Stormont, Sectarian riots were to occur again in Belfast in Co. Antrim in the north - east of Ulster and all up 138 Irish men and women were to be killed there, with 30 just in one night, with three quarters of these once again being Catholic Irish, as the Ascendancy Unionists there tried to again to upset and involve Michael Collins the Chairman of the Irish Provisional Government with their own agenda. By creating these terrible further "Troubles" they were hoping to bring back the British Imperial Army forces to Ireland, while at the same time, carry out further ethnic and religious cleansing there, and their last objective was to be quiet successful to a degree, as many of the Catholic Irish there who were in fear of their lives were to cross the Artificial Partition Border to gain protection of the Irish Provisional Government. Michael Collins understood what they were really all about and knew he could not interfere there personally, so he encouraged Rory O Connor to send help to the people there in the 6 Counties in Ulster to try and counteract the violence being carried out there against them. The murder of the Mac Mahon family in Belfast in Co. Antrim was a typical example of the terrible type of violence being carried out there against the Irish Catholics, as 5 out of the 6 members of the family were killed by the "Murder Gang" there with only their younger child surviving the ferocity of the attack. The "Murder Gang" was made up of former British Imperial Army soldiers, members of the Unionist Volunteer forces, the Royal Irish Constabulary / R.I.C and their "B" Specials who continued to carry out their raids on the Catholic Irish there. They had an agenda of ethnic religious cleansing and of also trying to destroy the Anglo - Irish Treaty, while especially attempting to get Michael Collins to personally respond to the ongoing violence there. Arthur Griffith the President of the 2nd Dail Eireann / Irish Assembly who was known for his passitivty really wanted Michael Collins, as the leader of the Irish Provisional Government, to take some type of action to stop the mutilation and carnage there in the 6 Counties.

March 26th: The delegates from the newly formed Anti - Treaty IRA Irregulars reaffirmed their aim, for the return of the whole of the 32 Counties of Ireland, to become the Irish Republic for the population of Ireland be totally free of the British Imperial Government's continuing oppression, and to this end, they further elected to appoint an Executive of 16 and broke away from the official Irish National Army and disowned the 2nd Dail Eireann / 2nd Irish Assembly and also Eammon de Valera. (They were to call themselves the Irish Republican Army Council / IRA Council. Liam Lynch was appointed their Commander in Chief to control Southern Munster, while others elected were Joseph Mac Kelvey, Ernest O Malley, Joseph Griffin, Liam Mellowes, Seamus O Donovan and Sean Russell. Rory O Connor as the IRA Irregular Director of Publicity, declared the IRA independent of any political party, but gave the interview from the building in which Cumann na Poblachta, the new political party of Eammon de Valera, operated out of. Eammon de Valera stated also that his new political party was independent of the IRA Irregulars and that he acted on his own, but he was to support the Irregular IRA, and he never repudiated Rory O Connor in the 2nd Dail Eireann / Irish Assembly and was to meet with Liam Mellowes and Rory O Connor on several occasions.

    Michael Collins now arranged with Liam Lynch to try and give some support to the Irish Catholics who were now under Sectarian siege in the 6 Counties Artificially Partitioned from the 9 in the Ulster Province, as his hands were tied personally, as the Ascendancy Unionists were just waiting for him to make some sought of move, so they could bring back the British Imperial Government Army forces also, into the other 26 Counties that would soon become the Irish Free State.  Liam Lynch was to later on resign his position in the Irregular IRA due to a conflict with the methods they were using, but he was to still fight for their cause in the Civil War to follow, and the IRA Irregulars were to eventually come totally under the control of Rory O Connor their IRA Director of Engineering & Publicity who commanded the Dublin area. Although the IRA Irregulars had publicly also disowned Eammon de Valera he continued during this period to go around verbally attacking the introduction of the Irish Free State in the 4 different Provinces in Ireland, while continuing to make intimidating speeches against the members of the Irish Provisional Government. March 30th: Rory O Connor one of the leaders of the IRA Irregulars in Dublin raided the Freemans Journal newspaper were he smashed the printing plant for producing articles taking the Pro - Treaty side. March 31st: The Sinn Fein Party Standing Committee issued a statement that Free Speech was not to be interfered with by either side, which was also signed by Eamonn de Valera and Cathal Brugha.

March 30th: Sir James Craig the Ascendancy Official Unionist leader in the 6 Counties Artificially divided from the Ulster Province and Michael Collins the Chairman of the Irish Provisional Government met to declare Peace and if the IRA ceased their activities in the 6 Artificially Partitioned Counties in the Ulster Province he would allow Irish Catholics to be recruited into the "B" Specials, especially in Irish Nationalist areas, but it just did not happen.

      Sir James Craig the Ascendancy Official Unionist leader signed an 11 Point Agreement together with Lord Londonderry and E.M. Archdale on behalf of the 6 Artificially Partitioned Counties from the 9 in the Ulster Province, still under the control of the British Imperial Government and the Official Unionists, while Michael Collins, Arthur Griffith, Eammon Duggan and Kevin O Higgins signed on behalf of the Irish Free State and Winston Churchill together with Sir Worthington - Evans signed for the British Imperial Government. This was to try and stop the ongoing Ethnic and Religious conflicts in the 6 Counties in Ulster between the people who were still living there, and to bring in the Artificial Partition Boundary and also to release the boycott in Belfast, but it was to only last just over a week.

      The Orange Order Annual  Convention was held for equal rights, equal liberties, and equal opportunities, in the 6 Counties Artificially Partitioned from the 9 in the Ulster Province no matter what religion or political persuasion.     

     232 people were to be killed in the 6 Artificially Partitioned Counties from the 9 in the Ulster Province, including 5 Official Unionist MP’s and 1,000 people were also wounded.

   Cardinal O Donnell was the Bishop of Armagh at this time in Co. Armagh in the south - east of the Ulster Province.

                                                                        +On to 1922 / 3 - April to May 

 

                                                                          

 Situated on the western bank of the Hunter River, midway between Muswellbrook and Denman the doorway to the Heart of Australia's "Horse Capital" in the Hunter Valley in New South Wales., Australia.  

                                                                                   John & Sue Markham  

                                              RAINBOW FARMS  603 Roxburgh Road., Muswellbrook., 2333.

                                                                 02 65 479 100 - Fax: 02 65 479 102         E - Mail: www.rainbowfarms@bigpond.com