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The Planters brought in from Scotland were on the small farms - Piers Butler became the 1st English Earl of Ossory & 8th English Earl of Ormonde. - Gerald "Mor" Fitz Gerald the Anglo - Irish Earl of Kildare tried to subdue the Heberian Dal gCais Sept in Thomond - Northern Munster.

Henry V11, died and his second son, Henry V111 was in as the new English King and married Catherine of Aragon the Spanish Princess.

Gerald "Mor" Fitz Gerald the 8th Earl of Kildare was killed in battle against the Irish and his son Garret "Oge" - the Younger was in as the 9th English Earl of Kildare. - No Irish Septs were allowed into Galway - No O's & Macs especially the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Seola O Flaherties.

105.Brian "Boru's harp given to Henry V111 by the Pope for being the Defender of the Faith.

The Heberian Dal gCais Sept allied with the Heremonian Northern O Nialls against the Northern Heremonian O Donnells.

Piers Butler the 8th English Earl of Ormonde also attacked the Heberian Dal gCais Sept in Thomond - Northern Munster and Teague O Brian was the first to be killed by English gunshot in Ireland.

Henry V111 went through 3 fortunes and was broke and needed more finances to attack France again always endeavouring to claim territory there through Angevin ancestors, which in reality belonged to the French King anyway.

Anne Boleyn, was born in Ireland. - Kings of Europe make an agreement to appoint religious and they became political appointments instead of religious and decay of service and responsibility to the common man occurred.

Conor O Brian became the last real Heberian Dal gCais King of Thomond - Northern Munster and last real ruler of the Dal gCais.

Garrett "Oge" Fitz Gerald the 9th Anglo - Irish Earl of Kildare seen as too close to the Irish by Henry V111 and this was to see the decline of the Fitz Geralds - Geraldines - who were from now on to be either charged with Treason or Executed.

All Catholic priests in Ireland suppressed and "Give no Quarter" policy in Ireland decreed by Henry V111, which was to bring on the Geraldine Rebellions and the Geraldines in Desmond forced in to an alliance with Charles V the King of Spain to survive. - Henry V111 had the remains of St. Patrick, 91.St. Columbcille - Columba and St. Bridget scattered and his Archbishop Brown had the Staff of Jesus and St. Patrick's Crozier burnt.

Betrayal by Mac Gilla - Patrick aka Fitz Patrick of his brother in Ossory in Co. Kilkenny in south - west Leinster, which was a sign of things to come.

Garrett "Oge" Fitz Gerald the 9th Anglo - Irish Earl of Kildare re - instated as the English Lord Lieutenant in Ireland due to the cost to Henry V111 of having only English officials and an English army in Ireland.

Henry V111 outlaws the Irish Brehon Law and the Irish Septs ignored his decree - Garrett "Oge" Fitz Gerald imprisoned in the Tower of London by Henry V111 and his son, "Silken" Thomas revolts and surrenders under Amnesty and was executed along with his 5 Uncles.

Henry V111 Confiscates the Catholic Church Institutions and lands for himself and doles them out to his lackeys and suppresses all of the monasteries and abbeys and drives out the monks and has the Parliament declare that he is the the Supreme Head of the Church and King of Ireland and then closes the Parliament for 13 years.

Irish Population 1,000,000. - Henry V111 seizes all the territories of the Irish Septs subject to his re - grant and attacks the Heberian Dal gCais Septs in Munster and they submit. - All Geraldine lands confiscated in the Leinster Province and also all Irish territory that had been gained back by the Irish. Henry V111 begins to Confiscate the small monasteries and his Lord Deputy took over Maynooth Castle of the Fitz Geralds. - Submitted 40 Irish & Anglo - Irish Lords and introduced his own land ownership. - Geraldine League formed to protect young Fitz Gerald the son but the Geraldine power now gone in Ireland. The Fitz Gerald's Maynooth College was suppressed. All Irish Chiefs expelled or submitted or English soldiers sent in and territory declared vacant. The actual Protestants who were outside of England were either Calvanists or Lutherians.

No Irish Chief strong enough now to organize Ireland - Murrough O Brian the last and 57th King of Thomond - Northern Munster crowned on Magh Adhair in Co. Clare also submitted to Henry V111 and accepted English titles and the Irian O Farrell - Ferrell territory also confiscated in Co. Longford. - 2000 acres of the Knight Templars in Dublin confiscated and The Book of Kells seized by Henry V111.

Larger monasteries now also suppressed and their lands confiscated by Henry V111 - James Butler became the 9th English Earl of Ormonde. Hugh O Donnell finally submits to Henry V111 the first O Donnell ever to submit to the English. - 105.Brian "Boru's" harp given to Mac William Burke the English Earl of Clanricarde along with The Book of Kells and Clonfert monastery in Connacht Province was burnt down and the 3,000 monks there were driven out. - St. Patrick's Church in Dublin confiscated and taken over by the Episcopalian Church of England and allowed to decay and Cong Abbey suppressed and the monks driven out and also allowed to decay.

Conn "Bacach" O Niall created the 1st English Earl of Tyrone. - Thomas Butler becomes the 10th English Earl of Ormonde & 3rd of Ossory.

Shane O Niall becomes The O Niall and England's greatest Fear. - The English Pale surrounding Dublin had been reduced in size.

Murrough O Brian, died and English lackeys now in control in Co. Clare in Thomond - Northern Munster. - English soldiers begin attacks on surviving Catholic Institutions.

Mary 1st in as English Queen and begins a Catholic revival and the Irish Septs retaliate against the English lackeys and James Butler back in as the English Earl of Ormonde and St. Patrick's Church in Dublin rebuilt. Irish Septs in Co. Offaly & Co. Laois driven out and English Planters put in to extend The English Pale around Dublin.

Grace O Malley the Pirate Queen attacks the English shipping. - 26,000 acres in Co. Wicklow back in Irish hands under the O Byrnes, Kavanaghs & O Tooles.

Mary 1st the English Queen, died and Elizabeth 1st in establishing the Church of England Ascendancy and creating 6 Rebellions in Ireland - known as the Elizabethan Wars with both the Irish & Anglo - Irish due to her continuing ethnic and religious oppression, and Counties introduced - The English Earl of Essex sent to secure Munster Province and the Gaelic Milesian Heberian kingdom of Thomond - Northern Munster destroyed after 1500 years. Donnell Mac Carthy "Mor" created the English Earl of Clan Carty.

Ferdoragh O Niall, died the father of Hugh O Niall who was to become the 1st English Earl of Dungannon & 2nd English Earl of Tyrone and The O Niall - infighting occurred among the Northern Ui Niaill Septs for the position of The O Niall in the Ulster Province.

Elizabeth 1st decreed - All Catholic clergy out of Ireland under pain of death - many ignored. Shane O Niall - The O Niall becomes more active against the English forces becoming England's Greatest Fear. - Christchurch Cathedral in Dublin confiscated and taken over by the Episcopalian Church of England and also allowed to decay.

Another Geraldine Rebellion - Shane O Niall - The O Niall killed and his head cut off and sent to Dublin Castle (The Devil's 1/2 acre) to be impaled - Turlough "Luineach" O Niall put in by the English as their lackey in the Ulster Province. - Pardons given for sacks of Irish heads - All Irish & Anglo - Irish must conform to the Episcopalian Church of England or else and this made the opposing Anglo - Irish combine briefly.

Gerald Plunkett now held The Book of Kells. - Catholics in England crushed but Irish still holding out. - Catholic Irish heads placed along the roadsides and 200,000 acres in Ulster given to Sir Walter Raleigh. - Sir Henry Sidney sent from England with an English army to take over Connacht, Leinster & Munster by massacre and murder and Munster in revolt under the Irish & Anglo - Irish. - 1st Desmond Revolt and Ireland made into English Shire land. - Shane O Niall's territory confiscated in the Ulster Province but English Plantation failed. - Elizabeth 1st claimed the north - east of the Ulster Province as her own territory as the Countess of Ulster and shared the land with the English Earl of Essex who was not welcome there as he massacred the Mac Donnell women and children on Rathlin Ireland and Brian O Niall, his wife and others were executed.

Pandemonium among the Heberian Dal gCais Septs in Thomond - Northern Munster. - Hugh O Niall now the Ulster leader - Fitz Gerald the Anglo - Irish Earl of Desmond went to France to seek assistance. - Grace O Malley to see Elizabeth 1st. - Donnell O Brien appointed the English Governor of Clare and executed his own people with 10 pounds for each Barony to go to Elizabeth 1st - In Co. Meath 105 Catholic parishes had been taken over and not one had any Church of England clergy. - Grace O Malley now harassed the Irish Septs. - Trinity College in Dublin founded as anti - Catholic & anti - Gaelic University. - Spain & England at War. - 2nd Desmond Revolt and Elizabeth 1st declared as Persona Non Grata in Ireland & England by the Pope.

Still no overall Irish leader left in Ireland. - Italian assistance arrived and surrendered but Irish & Anglo - Irish now closer - Sir Walter Raleigh now given 42,000 acres of the Desmonds. - Another 547,000 acres confiscated in the Munster Province and English Planters put in. - Co. Clare made into English Baronies. - Irish Rebellion. - Edmund Fitz Gerald the White Knight betrayed his kinsman, Fitz Gerald the Anglo - Irish Earl of Desmond and received 1,000 pound reward and his family changed their name to Fitz Gibbon. - Anglo - Irish not now to be trusted by the English as they were now "More Irish then the Irish." - Connacht Province changed to English titles.

Hugh O Niall created the 2nd English Earl of Tyrone. - Ireland changed in to Counties. - 10/- to be paid to Elizabeth 1st for every 120 acres in Co. Clare. - Irish cleared out of Co. Laois again. - Edmund Spencer granted 3,000 acres of the Earl of Desmond lands. - Connacht, Leinster & Munster basically subdued but not the Ulster Province.

Civil War among the O Donnell Septs over the position of The O Donnell. - Donnell "Cam" O Sullivan claims his title back in Bear in Co. Cork. - Elizabeth 1st executes Mary Queen of Scots after keeping her imprisoned for 18 years. - Spanish Armada sent and wrecked around Ireland. - The young Red Hugh O Donnell held hostage by the English in Dublin Castle. - Red Hugh O Donnell then imprisoned in England and escapes - Rebellion in the Munster Province again. - Brian "Oge" O Rourke attacks the English. - 210,000 acres confiscated by Elizabeth 1st in the Ulster Province. - Red Hugh O Donnell becomes The O Donnell and allies with Hugh O Niall and Hugh Maguire. - Phillip 2nd of Spain is offered the Kingship of Ireland and Hugh O Niall attacks the English forces in Ireland. - Mac Carthy territory in the Munster Province now also confiscated by the English and Church of England Planters in. - Brian "Oge" O Rourke joins with Red Hugh O Donnell. - Hugh O Niall defeats the English at Yellow Ford, which is the most successful campaign ever against the English. - Donnell "Cam" O Sullivan heads north to survive with 1,000 of his people and to assist Hugh O Niall. - 9 Years War with England - Phillip 3rd of Spain promises assistance also.

The English Earl of Essex with 20,000 English troops arrived in Ireland and made a truce with Hugh O Niall and was executed by Elizabeth 1st. - Rebellion in the Munster Province again. - Charles Blount - Lord Mountjoy sent to Ireland by Elizabeth 1st as her new English Lord Deputy to carry her "Scorched Earth" policy.

+On to 1501 AD - 1510 AD

Situated on the western bank of the Hunter River, midway between Muswellbrook and Denman the doorway to the Heart of Australia's "Horse Capital" in the Hunter Valley in New South Wales., Australia.

John & Sue Markham

RAINBOW FARMS 603 Roxburgh Road., Muswellbrook., 2333.

02 65 479 100 - Fax: 02 65 479 102 E - Mail: www.rainbowfarms@bigpond.com