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1251 AD Hugh de Mapleton the Anglo - Norman Bishop of Ossory - Co. Kilkenny in the south - west of the Leinster Province until 1260 AD built the Episcopal Palace at Uppercourt and also continued to construct St. Canice's Cathedral at great cost.

1252 AD The Dominican Abbey at Sligo in Co. Sligo in the north - west of the Connacht Province was founded by Maurice Fitz Gerald the Anglo - Norman English Earl of Kildare for the Dominicans that was to be rebuilt in 1404 AD after a fire at that time destroyed it and in 1641 AD by Sir Frederick Hamilton, which is now only a ruin there. Maurice Fitz Gerald also built a castle there.

The Franciscan friars founded an Abbey at Castlebar in Co. Mayo in the mid - west of the Connacht Province, which was later taken over by the Dominicans who are still there but it is without a roof today.

1253 AD Thomas Fitz Maurice was the first Anglo - Norman English Baron in Co. Kerry in the south - west of the Munster Province where he built the Ardfert Abbey east of Ardfert for the Franciscan friars and the ruins are still there today to see.

Allen O Sullivan the Heberian Eoghanacht Bishop of Cloyne in Co. Kerry, died at Lismore, and he had been dedicated to St. Mochuda - St. Cuddy who had been from Co. Kerry also and had founded it originally and his kinsmen eventually incorporated Mac Gilli Cuddy - Mac Giolla Mochuda - Descended from a son of the servant of St. Cuddy - into the O Sullivan name.

Felim O Connor the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin Ai King of Connacht founded a Dominican Friary on the site of the monastery previously built there by St. Coman in the 8th Century AD in Co. Roscommon in Eastern Connacht

Roger de Pippart aka Peppard the Norman English Baron built a castle at Ardee in Co. Louth in the north - east of the Leinster Province and the de Barrys built a castle and founded a Franciscan Friary in the town of Buttevant in Co. Cork in Southern Munster, which received its name from the family's War Cry - Boutez en avant - push forward.

Kiltinane Castle was built at Fethard in Co. Tipperary in the north - east of the Munster Province and it is still in existence there today.

1254 AD Most of the vast lands previously held by Richard Marshall the Norman English Baron in Ireland, Wales, Scotland, the Channel Islands and Gascony were given by Henry 111 the English King to his own son, the future Edward 1st, with the English Lordship of Ireland retained by Henry 111.

An English Parliament was set up in Dublin made up of Anglo - Norman Lords and clergy only with another one for the commoners to voice their grievances, which did not prosper as the Norman English now fought among themselves and the Charter land of Ireland was never separated from the Crown of England but Prince Edward - (Edward 1st) - was to interfere in Ireland never the less.

1256 AD Conor - Conchobar was the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin King of Breifne in Co. Leitrim in Northern Connacht.

1257 AD Maurice Fitz Gerald the Norman English Justiciar, died, and Goffraid O Donnell from the Northern Ui Niaill Cenel Conaill repulsed the English invaders in the west of the Ulster Province and carried the war into Co. Sligo in the north - west of the Connacht Province and defeated them at Credran. Brian O Niall from the Ui Niaill Cenel nEogain in the Ulster Province who was also attacking the English forces there demanded the Kingship over all of the Ulster Province as he wanted to continue his quest to unite the Tuaths and revive the High Kingship in Ireland. Goffraid O Donnell was to defeat Brian O Niall in battle but was to die from the wounds he received during the conflict, which further suited the English purpose. His territory of Tir Conaill - Co. Donegal was only saved from conquest by the arrival of his kinsman, Donnell "Oge" - The Younger O Donnell from Scotland with galloglasses - galloglach - foreign mercenaries from the Hebrides who were of mixed Irish Gaelic and Norse blood.

112.Conor "na Suidane" O Brian the Dalcassian King of Thomond - Northern Munster now tried desperately to drive the English Normans out of his territory also altogether and as a result there were to be many battles fought there.

John de Cogan the Norman English Baron built a Franciscan Friary at Clare Galway in Co. Galway in Southern Connacht.

1258 AD Donnell was the Heremonian Dal Cuinn Ui Briuin King of Breifne in Co. Leitrim in Northern Connacht.

Brian O Niall the Heremonian Northern Ui Niaill Cenel nEogain King of Tir Eogan - Tyrone in the Lagan Valley of Ulster Province and all of the other Irish Kings including Aed O Connor the Heremonian Ui Briuin King of Connacht now decided they would have to combine their efforts to drive the English out of Ireland and they held a meeting at Cael Uisce on Loch Erne near Belleek. 112.Conor na Suidane O Brian the Dalcassian King of Thomond - Northern Munster due to the constant English threat along his borders in Thomond - Northern Munster sent along his son, 113.Teague O Brian to represent him. Both 112.Conor na Suidane O Brian and Brian O Niall had their names put forward to be the new High King of Ireland with Brian O Niall the most likely prospect but 113.Teague O Brian would not yield. Meanwhile the English had taken the opportunity to attack the Irish Septs in the south of the Munster Province and they then crossed the River Shannon into the west of Thomond but they did not count on 112.Conor "na Suidane" O Brian and his Dalcassians being still there who was able to halt their attack at Kilbarron near Feakle in the north - east of Co. Clare were he killed many of them. Unfortunately this also meant there was to be no High King to combine the Irish Septs.

A church was built at Cranfield in Co. Antrim in the north - east of the Ulster Province, which is now in ruins and also a Holy Well exists there on the Northern shore of Loch Neagh.

1259 AD 113.Teague O Brian became the King of Thuadh Muma - Thomond - Northern Munster who was the son of 112.Conor na Suidane O Brian the previous King of Munster but he also died this year.

Aed O Connor married the daughter of Mac Sorley Mac Donald aka Donnell from the Western Isles of Scotland from the Clan Mac Donald descended from the Heremonian Dal Cuinn 3 Colla Mac Uais Sept who were one of the first galloglasses into Co. Tyrone & Co. Antrim in the Ulster Province and received 160 Scottish galloglass - mercenaries as a dowry,

1260 AD Brian O Niall the Northern Ui Niaill Cenel nEogain King of Tir Eogain - Tyrone was married to Gill the sister of Ewan Mac Dougal the Heremonian Dal Riada King of Argyll - Land of the Gael in Scotland and he was killed in battle at Drumderg near Downpatrick in Co. Down in the south - east of the Ulster Province along with many of his followers by John de Courcy the Anglo - Norman Baron and his head was cut off and sent to England.

de Vesci the Anglo - Norman Baron built Lea Castle in Co. Laois in the mid - west of the Leinster Province, which was later taken over by the Norman - English Fitz Geralds.

+On to 1261 AD - 1270 AD

Situated on the western bank of the Hunter River, midway between Muswellbrook and Denman the doorway to the Heart of Australia's "Horse Capital" in the Hunter Valley in New South Wales., Australia.

John & Sue Markham

RAINBOW FARMS 603 Roxburgh Road., Muswellbrook., 2333.

02 65 479 100 - Fax: 02 65 479 102 E - Mail: www.rainbowfarms@bigpond.com