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*1.Adam's descendants would go on to produce 3 distinct recorded Peoples with a common ancestry in relation to the Celtic Irish and especially that of their Celtic Gaelic Heritage through his tenth male line descendant,

*10.Noah who had 3 sons listed in the Old Testament, 11.Shem, *11.Ham, & *11.Japheth who all survived the Great Deluge to have an impact on Celtic Irish history.

11.Shem's recorded descendants the Semites would at first include the Hebrews, who would eventually evolve into the Israelites and later on become known as the Jews of Judah. Among the others would be the Arab Muslims and all would be through his descendant, Abraham. (Moses as an Israelite descendant would also have an individual personal impact of his own on Celtic Ireland.)

11.Ham would become the ancestor of the Fomoiri - Fomorians - African Sea Pirates or Sea Rovers who would be a constant threat to all those of Scythian Celtic descent who where to eventually migrate to Ireland.

*11.Japheth would be the one, who would become the direct ancestor of the Scythian - Massagetae Celts to be more directly involved in Celtic Irish History as the father of,

*12.Magog also mentioned in the Old Testament of the Hebrews with no descendants, unlike his brothers, of which the Celts had no knowledge, but he would nevertheless, play the most direct role of all in the Celtic History of Ireland. *12.Magog was to become the direct ancestor of the People who would be known as the Scythians - Massagetae who were to have their own individual tribal territory, early on, to the north of the Black Sea in the region above the Mediterranean. This area was a portion of the division originally given over to his father, *11.Japheth by his father, *10.Noah after the Great Deluge when he assigned each of his 3 sons their own particular Family territories.

*13.Baoth - Baath the son of *12.Magog became the initial ruler of their specific territory, which was actually situated on the Steppes above the Black Sea and his brother, 13.Fathochta was to be the direct ancestor of Partholon the direct ancestor of the Partholonians who were to come into Ireland in 2659 BC. Partholon was to also be a brother to Tait the direct ancestor of Paim the direct ancestor of Aduam "Bau" the Scythian Greek who was to be the father of Nemedh - Nemedius who along with his wife, Macha was to become the direct ancestors initially of the Nemedians who were then to come into Ireland in 2349 BC. Later still Nemed and Macha would both be the Nemedian direct ancestors of the Scythian Teutonic Fir Bolg Sept who were to return to Ireland in 1933 BC and the Scythian Nemedian Tuatha De Danann Sept who were to come into Ireland in 1896 BC. The original Scythians themselves where to evolve as 2 separate direct entities or Peoples known as the Feni and the Gaelic Celts - Keltoi through *13.Baoth's son,

*14.Feinias "Farsaidh" who became the 1st King of Scythia in his own right whose other son, 15.Nenual was to be the father of 16.Riffil who was also to become the King of Scythia and the father of 17.Reffeior whose line would eventually produce Seang the second wife of 36.Mil the Celtic Hero of Spain the direct ancestor of the Gaelic Milesians in Ireland. The various Scythian tribes In the order of their arrival into Ireland in the years ahead were;

2659 BC - The Scythian Partholonians descended by then from Partholon a descendant of 13.Fathochta.

2349 BC - The Scythian Nemedians descended by then from Nemedh - Aduam "Bau" - Paim a descendant of Tait.

1933 BC - The Scythian Nemedian Celtic - Teutonic Fir Bolg - Men of the Bag - descended still then from a son of Nemedh & Macha in Starn but also infused with Teutonic blood.

1896 BC - The Scythian Celtic Nemedian Tuatha De Danann - People of Danu or Sword People descended also still directly from another grandson of Nemedh & Macha.

1699 BC - The Scythian Celtic Gaels descended by then from *15.Niall, a son of *14.Feinias "Farsaidh," and his son *16.Gael - Gaedhal "Glas" and in Ireland 36.Mil the Celtic Hero of Spain.

1698 BC - The Scythian Celtic Cruithin Picts aka Caledonians in the north - east of the Ulster Province and the Scottish Highlands.

330 BC - The Scythian Laigin - Lin Celts - Spear People.

100 AD - The Scythian Celtic Gaelic Feni - Fenians.

All of these Scythian Celtic tribes where eventually to migrate into Ireland and on settling there claim their male lineal descent from *12.Magog, as for the Celts their individual ancestral lineage was very important and especially so to the Irish Celts as this was to be the method whereby the Tuathas - Family regions - territories were held by their individual Native Irish Families under the Brehon Law. (20 Miles x 20 miles approximately) Their traditions were to be eventually totally annihilated by the many centuries of English ethnic and religious oppression and to be well and truly finished off by the 17th Century AD. In Ireland the territory belonged to their Septs - Family branches - and the Gaelic King owned nothing and therefore left nothing behind. Under Anglo - Norman - English rule the English King owned everything and everyone was in serfdom to him.

5000 BC - 2230BC the Sumerian Empire was to be the earliest of the newly evolving civilizations to show out with rich River Valley farmland and as their mineral resources and strategic position was not too good they had to innovate using irrigation as their main technology. Their region known as Sumer was situated in southern Mesopotamia where the Tigris River and the Euphrates River join up before flowing into the Persian Gulf. Soon primitive farmers also came down to the valley from the Zagros Mountains to the east and learned how to irrigate their summer fields also and this stability created early settlements at *Ur in 2400 BC along with Uruk & Eridu, all of which grew to become independent cities or states overtime. As *Ur, Lagash, Erech, Eridu & Uruk became their most important cities down to 3000 BC these prior agricultural regions soon became city - states, along the banks of the Tigris and the Euphrates Rivers. The Sumerians were to have hundreds of deities with each individual city having its own and also each Sumerian worshipped his own particular minor god or goddess who interacted with the major divinities and they had no belief at all in "Life after Death."

Abraham who was a Prince of *Ur, was taken out of Babylonia by his father and eventually came to settle in Hebron in Canaan and he was to have an altogether different outlook to his fellow Sumerians. He was to set in motion a new religion for that time based on "One God and Life after Death." This personal philosophy and religious conviction would be continued on mainly through his grandson, Jacob who was to be known later as Israel and who was to become the leader of the Hebrews who were then later to evolve into the Israelites. Later still they would also become known as the Jews due to their then existing territory of Judah. Abraham's older son, Ishmael whose mother, Hagar was an Egyptian, was to become the ancestor initially of the Arab Muslims.

5000 BC - 30 BC the Egyptian Empire was also to evolve initially around the same time as it too was based on good agricultural areas that where close to the River Nile, with irrigation also as their main technology and they were to develop as a major Empire and last a lot longer then Sumer as they were situated in a more fortunate location surrounded by a desert with mineral resources. They also had one other really important thing in their favour, their opponents could only assail their region from the west and the north - east along the Mediterranean Sea coast or from the Sea directly, or from the south along the River Valley.

+On to 2659 BC - 2133 BC

Situated on the western bank of the Hunter River, midway between Muswellbrook & Denman the doorway to the Heart of Australia's "Horse Capital" in the Hunter Valley in New South Wales., Australia.

John & Sue Markham

RAINBOW FARMS 603 Roxburgh Road., Muswellbrook., 2333.

02 65 479 100 - Fax: 02 65 479 102 E - Mail: www.rainbowfarms@bigpond.com